Conducting Primary Research

Primary research is the gathering of raw data from such sources as firsthand experience, interviews, direct observations, and questionnaires. In fact, direct observation and interaction are the only ways to obtain certain kinds of information about human and animal behavior, natural phenomena, and the operation of systems and equipment.

In an academic setting, you may talk about resources with your peers, your instructors, and especially a research librarian. On the job, you may rely on your own knowledge and experience and that of your colleagues. IN business, the most important sources of information may include market research, questionnaires and surveys, focus groups, public meetings, shareholder meetings, and the like. In this setting, begin by brainstorming with colleagues about what sources will be most useful for your project and how you can track them down.

Beginning with Experience

if your research topic deals with something familiar or relates to an occupation you are in or hope to be in, you may already know enough to get started. In addition, you can check your home or office files for any materials you have acquired on the subject. Based on this background, make a rough outline,-it will tell you how much you know about the topic.

Interviewing for Information

To learn from the experience of others, you may be able to do some of your research by interviewing someone who is an expert on the subject. This process includes:

• Determining Whom to Interview
• Preparing for the Interview
• Conducting the Interview
• Expanding Your Notes after the Interview

Determing Whom to Interview- Many times, your subject or purpose logically points to the proper person to interview for information.

Preparing for the Interview- Once you have selected the person or persons you would like to interview, learn as much as possible about each person and the organizations for which he or she works.

Conducting the Interview- Arrive for your interview on time and be prepared to guide the discussion. Once you've introduced yourself, take a few minutes to chat informally- this will help both you and your interviewee to relax.

Expanding Your Notes after the Interview- Immediately after leaving the interview, use your memory-jogging notes to help you mentally go over the interview and record your detailed notes.